Skin Infections in Companion Animals

Common Causes of Skin Infections in pets  

The most frequent culprits include Staphylococcus species, Malassezia yeast, and dermatophytes. These microorganisms are often opportunistic, meaning they take advantage of a weakened skin barrier or an imbalanced microbiome. 

Factors contributing to skin infections include: 

1. Allergies (food, environmental, or flea allergies) that lead to excessive scratching and irritation
2. Endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease
3. Poor hygiene or excessive moisture leading to bacterial or yeast overgrowth
4. Parasitic infestations, such as fleas, mites, or ticks
5. Trauma or wounds that compromise the skin’s natural defences.  

The Link Between Skin Infections and Allergies 

Pets with allergies often suffer from recurrent skin infections due to chronic inflammation and scratching. When this occurs, bacteria and yeast can proliferate, leading to infections that require intervention. Addressing the underlying allergy is crucial to breaking the cycle of infection and discomfort. 

In addition, studies have shown that allergic animals often have a compromised skin barrier, making them more susceptible to infections. Research indicates that dogs with atopic dermatitis have reduced levels of ceramides, which are essential lipids that help maintain skin integrity (Marsella et al., 2012). This deficiency allows allergens, bacteria, and yeast to penetrate more easily, exacerbating skin inflammation and increasing the risk of secondary infections. Strengthening the skin barrier with topical treatments, moisturizers, and antimicrobial support is critical in managing these patients effectively.