Plaque & bad breath

Bad breath in dogs or cats isn’t just a nuisance—it’s often a sign of periodontal disease, a common and progressive dental condition that affects more than 80% of dogs and 70% of cats by the age of three. Left untreated, it can lead to tooth loss, gum pain, and even impact your pet’s heart, kidneys, and overall health.

What Is Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal disease is caused by plaque and tartar buildup on your pet’s teeth, which leads to gum inflammation and infection. Over time, this can damage the structures that support the teeth, including the gums and jawbone.

The 4 Stages of Periodontal Disease in Dogs and Cats

Understanding the stages helps you spot signs early and take action before things get worse.

1. Gingivitis

Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
Caused by plaque buildup
Reversible with proper dental care

2. Early Periodontitis

Tartar (hardened plaque) forms
Mild bone loss begins
Bad breath becomes more noticeable

3. Moderate Periodontitis

Gum recession and more bone loss
Teeth may become loose or painful
Inflammation may worsen

4. Advanced Periodontitis

Severe bone destruction
Tooth loss, gum abscesses, and serious infections

What Contributes to Periodontal Disease?

Several factors can increase the risk of dental disease in pets:

Soft diets that stick to teeth and promote plaque
Small breeds or flat-faced dogs like Chihuahuas and Bulldogs are more prone due to crowded teeth
Chronic conditions like diabetes or kidney disease can make oral health more challenging
Inexistent cleaning or dental care routines

How to Manage and Prevent Periodontal Disease in Pets

A combination of professional care and at-home hygiene is key to keeping your pet’s mouth healthy.

Professional Dental Cleaning

Performed by your vet, this includes scaling, polishing, and, if needed, treatment of gum disease.

Use of Antimicrobial Oral Gels

Gels with ingredients like chlorhexidine help control bacteria and reduce plaque buildup between dental visits.

At-Home Dental Care

Brush your pet’s teeth daily (or as often as possible)
Use pet-safe toothpaste and dental gels
Offer dental chews or toys approved by your vet